Gochu spread by birds… to Baekdusan!
Gochu spread by birds… to Baekdusan! Gochu pepper spread by birds was a possible non-human pathway for its spread to Korea, if all peppers really must have originated elsewhere only from a single location on earth somewhere far, far away from Korea, namely Central America. Eggplant and capsicum pepper both branched off from a common…
Baekdudaegan Refugium and the Korean Landscape — Part 2
In Part 1, the unique parallels between the Appalachian Mountain and Baekdudaegan Mountain Range as refugia for flora and fauna during the Ice Age were examined. Moreover, the spread of wild bird peppers found native as far north as the state of New York north of the Appalachian range indicates a spread beyond the continent…
Baekdudaegan Refugium and the Korean Landscape — Part 1
In the previous post, we have observed the map by the United States Department of Agriculture of how wild bird pepper Capsicum glabriusculum has maintained its native presence throughout the southwest and the Appalachian Mountains along the East Coast of North America’s United States as far north as the state of New York. What we…
Wild bird peppers discovered across North America: Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum
Previously, we have examined studies that reveal how Capsicum diverged from ancestral Solanaceae about 19.6 million years ago, originating most likely in modern Bolivia region. Capsaicin chemical compound advantageously served as an evolutionary mechanism that selectively made birds the primary seed dispensers across a circuitous swath around the interior of the of South American continent.…
Evolution of Capsicum from Solanaceae
Let us look back even further, back millions of years, to examine latest genetic studies of how Capsicum diverged from Solanaceae. From the 2017 gochu dna study I had summarized previously, we have already examined the following chart showing the evolutionary divergence of Capsicum from Solanaceae with calculated times of divergence in millions of years.…
Where did Capsicum annuum originate?
How Korean gochu pepper was introduced to Korea does not seem to fit wholly with the scenario that it must have come via the Portuguese somehow through their contact with Japan. It seems that the Columbus Exchange Theory becomes somewhat vague explaining the details of how chili peppers came to be cultivated in Korea by…
Japan had chance to get chili peppers directly from Mexico?
Japanese went to Mexico before the Portuguese did? While looking into any information explaining how Japan got chili peppers, I stumbled across a peculiar map. The map purports to show the sea routes and speculated land routes taken for the spread chili peppers from the New World, to Europe, Africa, then Asia. Note the speculative question marks…
Japanese pepper origin theory: introduced from ancient Korea
The Native Americans are granted thousands of years to cultivate peppers from the wild. But Asia and Korea supposedly cultivated their varieties in less than half a century when Korea theoretically obtained gochu pepper from Japan via the Portuguese. “It took many millennia of patience and hard work to develop the innumerable pod types of…
How Southeast Asia got their chili peppers
How Southeast Asia got their chili peppers is an excellent question. But the more I look for details, the more things get vague due to identifying exactly what species the Portuguese traders conveyed by ship. Yet, by the distribution of a type of small red “bird’s eye” pepper, the case can be made that Portuguese…
Anomalous details about Asia pre-Columbian Exchange
There are some neglected anomalies that do not quite fit under the Columbus theory as the sole explanation of capsicum peppers coming to Asia from the New World. Before 1971 when the Columbus Exchage Theory almost fell into obscurity and barely survived getting published, how did researchers before then make sense of how chili peppers…
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